Dan Williams

  • Home
  • Contents of this site
    • Academic Profile >
      • CV
      • Links to Academic Profile on the Web
      • Open Source
      • External Blogs
    • Public Sector Data
    • For Teaching >
      • NYBMR-IPA >
        • Budget Exhbit DOR&IS
        • Budget Exhibit NYPL
        • Budget Exhibit Additional
      • Culture & PA
      • Budgeting and Financial Analysis
      • Style Guide >
        • Paper Rubric Elements
        • Picky objections that you should know
        • How to review a source
        • Structured Bibliography
        • Seminar Paper
        • Spreadsheets
      • Substantial Papers Defined by Biliography >
        • Sources
      • Evidence
  • Citation and Quotation
    • Citation Guide >
      • Using Someone Else's Words
      • Marking Quotes: The link between quoting and citation
      • Use of Graphics First Appearing Elsewhere
      • Using Someone Else's Ideas
      • Citation as Support for What You Say
      • Revealing the Source of Your Information Including Your Own Prior Work
      • Revealing Other Sources
      • Bibliography and Citing Correctly
      • Quotation/Citation Style
      • Memos and Other Non‐Citation Formats
      • Practices Good and Bad
      • Templates and Boilerplate Language
      • What not to put in the bibliography
      • Bibliography for Examples and Items Mentioned in this Guide
  • About
  • Government Blog
  • Home
  • Contents of this site
    • Academic Profile >
      • CV
      • Links to Academic Profile on the Web
      • Open Source
      • External Blogs
    • Public Sector Data
    • For Teaching >
      • NYBMR-IPA >
        • Budget Exhbit DOR&IS
        • Budget Exhibit NYPL
        • Budget Exhibit Additional
      • Culture & PA
      • Budgeting and Financial Analysis
      • Style Guide >
        • Paper Rubric Elements
        • Picky objections that you should know
        • How to review a source
        • Structured Bibliography
        • Seminar Paper
        • Spreadsheets
      • Substantial Papers Defined by Biliography >
        • Sources
      • Evidence
  • Citation and Quotation
    • Citation Guide >
      • Using Someone Else's Words
      • Marking Quotes: The link between quoting and citation
      • Use of Graphics First Appearing Elsewhere
      • Using Someone Else's Ideas
      • Citation as Support for What You Say
      • Revealing the Source of Your Information Including Your Own Prior Work
      • Revealing Other Sources
      • Bibliography and Citing Correctly
      • Quotation/Citation Style
      • Memos and Other Non‐Citation Formats
      • Practices Good and Bad
      • Templates and Boilerplate Language
      • What not to put in the bibliography
      • Bibliography for Examples and Items Mentioned in this Guide
  • About
  • Government Blog

Using Someone Else's Ideas

VIII.  A paraphrase is the use of any alternate words that avoid a direct quote and must be cited the same as a quote must be cited in the same manner as a quote.
  • Example: Bureaucratic organizations are more flexible than most people think they are (Blau, 1956, 56).
IX. More general borrowed thoughts require citations in paragraphs, but not each time you say something from the source within the paragraph. APA has it as (Author, date). This sort of citation is not optional. Citing sources for borrowed ideas acknowledges that you are not the author of the idea, which is important for academic honesty; and it provides two forms of support: (1) You show the casual reader where authoritative sources stand on the matter. (2) You provide a route to additional information for those who want to become more informed.
  • Example: While Peter Blau argued that organizations are not the rigid entities that some suppose, others, such as, Laurence Peter suggests that rigidity is only one of the dysfunctional characteristics of bureaucracies (Blau, 1956; Peter and Hull, 1969).
Continue to: Citation as Support for What You Say
Proudly powered by Weebly